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19. See Roxanne L. Euben and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, eds.,Prion Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and texts from alBanna to Bin Laden (Prion, N.J.: Prion Uy Press, 2009), 49ndash;53. 20. Hassan alBanna, Toward the Light, in ibid., 58ndash;59. 21. Ibid., 61ndash;62. 22. Ibid., 68ndash;70. 23.Sayyid Qutb,Milestones, 2nd rev.English ed. (Damascus, Syria: Dar alIlm, n.d.), 49ndash;51. 24. Ibid., 59ndash;60, 72, 84, 137. 25. For a discussion of the evolution from Qutb to bin Laden, see Lawrence Wright,The Looming Tower: AlQaeda and the Road to 9/11 (New York: Random House, 2006). 26. 奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在與加拿大總理哈珀舉行的聯(lián)合記者招待會上的講話,2011年2月4日;2011年2月6日接受福克斯電視網(wǎng)的采訪時,奧巴馬總統(tǒng)針對埃及的談話;總統(tǒng)對埃及的表態(tài),2011年2月11日。 27. 總統(tǒng)對敘利亞局勢的談話,2011年8月18日。 28. Mariam Karouny, Apocalyptic Prophecies Drive Both Sides to Syrian Battle for End of Time, Reuters, April 1, 2014. 29. 應(yīng)利雅得的要求,以阻止薩達姆middot;侯賽因奪取沙特阿拉伯油田的任何企圖。 30. See Message from Usama BinMuhammad Bin Ladin to His Muslim Brothers in the Whole World and Especially in the Arabian Peninsula: Declaration of Jihad Against the Ameris Occupying the Land of the Two Holy Mosques; Expel the Heretics from the Arabian Peninsula, in FBIS Report, pilation of Usama bin Ladin Statements, 1994ndash;January 2004, 13; Piscatori, Order, Justice, and Global Islam, 279ndash;80. 31. For an exposition of this phenomenon, see David Danelo, Anarchy Is the New Normal: Unventional Governand 21st tury Statecraft (Fn Policy Researstitute, October 2013). 第四章 美國與伊朗:不同的秩序理念 1. Ali Khamenei, Leaders Speech at Inauguration of Islamic Awakening and Ulama ference (April 29,2013),Islamic Awakening 1, no. 7(Spring 2013). 2. Ibid. 3. Islamivitation Turkey, The Leader of Islamic Ummah and Oppressed People Imam Sayyed Ali Khamenei: Islamic Awakening Inspires Intl. Events, November 27, 2011. 4. 關(guān)于這一傳統(tǒng),最著名的例子之一是公元前6世紀(jì)波斯阿契美尼德帝國的開國君主居魯士解放被巴比倫奴役的人民,包括猶太人。自稱四極之王的居魯士推翻巴比倫帝國進入巴比倫后發(fā)出敕令:巴比倫所有的奴隸都可自由返鄉(xiāng),一切宗教都將得到包容。居魯士是第一個推行宗教多元主義的統(tǒng)治者。據(jù)信2 000年后,托馬斯middot;杰斐遜讀了色諾芬的《居魯士的教育》中的這個故事后深受激勵,對居魯士高度贊揚。See The Cyrus der: Diplomatic Whirl, Eist, March 23, 2013. 5. Herodotus,The History, trans. David Grene (Chicago: Uy of Chicago Press, 1987), 1.131ndash;135, pp. 95ndash;97. 6. Keh M. Pollack,The Persian Puzzle: The flict Between Iran and Ameriew York: Random House,2004), 18ndash;19. See also John Garver,a and Iran: A Partners in a Postimperial World (Seattle: Uy of Washington Press, 2006). 7. See Roy Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet:Religion and Politi Iran (Oxford: Oneworld, 2002), 144; Reza Aslan, The Epic of Iran, New York Times, April 30, 2006. 阿布卡薩姆middot;費爾多西在伊斯蘭教征服波斯兩個世紀(jì)后寫成的史詩《國王之書》敘述了波斯被伊斯蘭教征服之前光輝燦爛的傳說。身為伊斯蘭教什葉派教徒的費爾多西通過史詩中的人物之口哀嘆:詛咒這個世界,詛咒這個時代,詛咒這個命運/野蠻的阿拉伯人把我變成了穆斯林。此言捕捉到了波斯人復(fù)雜的心情。 8. See Sandra Mackey,The Iranians: Persia, Islam, and the Soul of a Nation (New York: Plume, 1998), 109n1. 9. Ruhollah Khomeini, Islamic Gover, inIslam and Revolution: Writings and Declarations of Imam Khomeini (1941ndash;1980),trans. Hamid Algar (North Haledon, N.J.: Mizan Press, 1981), 48ndash;49. 10. As quoted in David Armstrong,Revolution and World Order: The Revolutionary State in Iional Society (New York: Oxford Uy Press, 1993), 192. 11. Khomeini, Islamic Gover, The First Day of Gods Gover, and The Religious Scholars Led the Revolt, inIslam and Revolution, 147, 265, 330ndash;31. 12. R. le Jr., Will Khomeini Turn Irans Clock Back 1,300 Years?, New York Times, February 4, 1979. 13. See Charles Hill,Trial of a Thousand Years: World Order and Islamism (Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 2011), 89ndash;91. 14. 這些活動基本上是秘密的,因此有關(guān)報告必然只能披露其中的一部分。有人說德黑蘭在一定程度上和塔利班以及基地組織合作,或至少默許它們的活動。See, for example, Thomas Kean, Lee Hamilto al., The 9/11 issio (New York: W. W. Norton, 2004), 61, 128, 240ndash;41, 468, 529; Seth G. Jones, Al Qaeda in Iran, Fn Affairs, January 29, 2012, sethgjones/alqaedainiran. 15. Akbar Ganji, Who Is Ali Khamehe Worldview of Irans Supreme Leader,Fn Affairs, September/October 2013. See also Thomas Jos, Iran, the Muslim Brotherhood, and Revolution, Longwarjournal., January 28, 2011.